International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
Volume 14, Issue 3 , Pages 225-229 , April 2000

The effects of chlorpromazine on the outer cell wall of Salmonella typhimurium in ensuring resistance to the drug

  • Leonard Amaral

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Microbiology, County of Sønderjylland, Sønderborg Sygehus, 6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Present address: Department of Mycobacteriology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, R. Junqueira 96, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal. Tel.: +351-21-3624916; fax: +351-21-3632105
    • ,
  • Jette E Kristiansen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Microbiology, County of Sønderjylland, Sønderborg Sygehus, 6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
    • Department of Antibiotics, Statens Seruminstitute, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • ,
  • Villy Frølund Thomsen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Antibiotics, Statens Seruminstitute, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • ,
  • Bogooljub Markovich

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY, USA

References 

  1. Kristiansen JE, Amaral L. The potential management of resistant infections with non-antibiotics. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1997;40:319–327
  2. Kristiansen JE, Blom J. Effect of Chlorpromazine on the ultrastructure of Staphylococcus aureus. Acta Path. Microbiol. Scand. Sect. B. 1981;89:399–405
  3. Amaral L, Lee Y, Schwarz U, et al.  Penicillin binding site on the Escherichia coli cell envelope. J. Bacteriol. 1986;167:492–495
  4. Foulaki K, Gruber W, Schlecht S. Isolation and immunological characterization of a 55-kDa surface protein from Salmonella typhimurium. Infect. Immun. 1989;57:1399–1404
  5. Molnár J, Hever A, Fakla I, et al.  Inhibition of the transport function of membrane proteins by some substituted phenothiazines in E. coli and multidrug resistant tumor cells. Anticancer Res. 1997;17:481–486
  6. Amaral L, Kristiansen JE, Lorian V. Synergistic effect of chlorpromazine on the activity of some antibiotics. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1992;30:556–558
  7. Amaral L, Lorian V. Effects of chlorpromazine on the cell envelope proteins of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1991;35:1923–1924
  8. Rajyaguru J, Muszynski MJ. Enhancement of Burholderia cepacia antimicrobial susceptibility by cationic compounds. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1997;40:345–351
  9. Kristiansen JE. Antimicrobial activity of non-antibiotics. Reports from a congress on the antimicrobial effect of drugs other than antibiotics on bacteria, viruses, protozoa and other organisms. Copenhagen, May, 1990. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. Scandinavia (APMIS) Suppl. 1992;100:7–14
  10. Kristiansen JE, Mortensen I, Nissen B. Membrane stabilizers inhibit potassium efflux from Staphylococcus aureus strain no. U2275. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1982;685:379–382
  11. Kristiansen J.E., Amaral L., Thomsen V.F. The reversal of antibiotic resistance by phenothiazines. Abstracts of 18th International Congress of Chemoterapy. Stockholm, Sweden, Abstract 510, 1993. p. 65
  12. Kristiansen JE. Chlorpromazine: non-antibiotics with antimicrobial activity — new insights in managing resistance?. Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs. 1993;2:587–591
  13. Chattopadhyay C, Mukherjee T, Pap P, et al.  Altered membranepermeability as the basic of bactericidal action of methdilazine. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1998;42:83–86

PII: S0924-8579(00)00136-9

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
Volume 14, Issue 3 , Pages 225-229 , April 2000

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